Everyone has pores — those tiny openings in the skin that allow oil and sweat to reach the surface. But for some of us, these pores get blocked more easily than others, leading to blackheads, whiteheads, and breakouts.
According to dermatologist Dr. Geeta Yadav, clogged pores occur when oil can’t properly flow through them. This usually happens when there’s an excess of oil mixed with dead skin cells that haven’t shed as they should. Makeup residue, dirt, and certain ingredients known as comedogenic (meaning pore-clogging) can also trap oil, setting the stage for acne.
Comedogenic ingredients don’t cause acne by themselves, but they make it far more likely to occur. As dermatologist Dr. Rachel Nazarian explains, “For people who already have oily skin or acne-causing bacteria, using pore-clogging ingredients is like adding fuel to the fire—it makes breakouts worse and more consistent.”
So what exactly makes something comedogenic? Unfortunately, it’s not completely understood. Some ingredients mix poorly with your skin’s natural oils (sebum), making it thicker and harder to move through the pores. Others simply sit on the surface of your skin and create a seal that traps oil and dead skin inside. Dermatologist Dr. Melanie Palm adds that these ingredients often act as occlusives—they lock moisture in but can also lock impurities in too, especially for people with oily skin.
If you’re prone to acne, dermatologists recommend being mindful of certain ingredients that tend to clog pores. Here are seven of the most common offenders—and some better alternatives.
1. Coconut Oil
All three dermatologists warn against using coconut oil on your face. Though it’s often praised for its natural moisturizing benefits, it’s highly comedogenic. Because it doesn’t absorb easily into the skin, it traps bacteria and dead skin cells, creating the perfect environment for breakouts. It’s great for your hair or body—but not your face if you’re acne-prone.
2. Petroleum Jelly
Popularly known as Vaseline, this thick, occlusive product is often used for “slugging” (a skincare trend where you coat your face in a layer of petroleum jelly overnight). While it’s great for sealing in moisture, it can also seal in oil and debris. Dr. Yadav cautions that it can cause a “traffic jam” inside pores, leading to buildup and pimples.
3. Cocoa Butter
Cocoa butter is rich and nourishing—but that richness comes from oleic acid, a fatty acid known to clog pores. Dr. Yadav notes that ingredients high in oleic acid are typically more comedogenic. For a safer alternative that still hydrates deeply, Dr. Palm recommends shea butter, which is non-comedogenic and gentler on acne-prone skin.
4. Silicone
Commonly used in primers, foundations, and even hair products like conditioners and masks, silicone can also block pores. It creates a silky, smooth texture on the skin but forms a layer that prevents oil from escaping. When checking product labels, watch for ingredients like dimethicone and cyclomethicone—they’re all forms of silicone.
5. Lanolin
Lanolin, derived from sheep’s wool, is another heavy, occlusive ingredient. “It forms a film on the skin that traps dead cells, bacteria, and oil,” says Dr. Palm. This can make acne worse, especially in people who are already prone to clogged pores. Dr. Nazarian agrees, calling it one of the most common pore-blocking ingredients in skincare.
6. Flaxseed Oil
Although flaxseed oil is rich in nutrients, its high content of oleic acid makes it problematic for acne-prone skin. If you’re looking for a nourishing facial oil without the pore-clogging risk, Dr. Yadav suggests grapeseed oil. It’s lighter, absorbs well, and won’t block your pores.
7. Marula Oil
Marula oil ranks about a three or four on the comedogenicity scale, meaning it’s moderately likely to clog pores. Dr. Palm advises acne-prone individuals to avoid it. Instead, try squalane, which is derived from olives and mimics your skin’s natural oils. According to Dr. Yadav, squalane is both deeply hydrating and non-comedogenic—it nourishes the skin without causing congestion, making it a great substitute for heavier oils like coconut or marula.
Final Thoughts
Understanding what clogs your pores is key to managing and preventing acne. While everyone’s skin reacts differently, steering clear of heavy, occlusive, or oily ingredients can make a big difference.
If you struggle with frequent breakouts, check the labels on your skincare and makeup products. Look for non-comedogenic formulas, exfoliate gently to remove dead skin cells, and keep your pores clear so your skin can finally breathe.